Drug abuse treatment works and brings about reductions not just in drug abuse, but also in criminal recidivism. A therapeutic community approach (CREST) was tested in prison, followed by aftercare during the transition back to the community. Among those who completed treatment and aftercare, 35% remained drug free, and 69% had not been arrested in the three years since release. These reductions in turn yield significant cost savings and provide hope for families and communities devastated by addiction.