In summary, these general interventions have not been targeted to patient adherence patterns or to patient-reported reasons for poor adherence. They have been global strategies that have been put in place regardless of the nature of the patient's problems, but looking at poor adherence as a single kind of phenomenon. They have unfortunately, all of them - whether dietary exercises or pharmaco-therapy - used outcome measures that we would not consider particularly reliable or accurate. They have used self-report measures and have used very few randomized controlled studies.